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Racemic epinephrine
Racemic epinephrine is a racemic mixture of epinephrine and is a sympathomimetic bronchodilator that is delivered by aerosol. Commonly used in croup (laryngotracheobronchitis) and when stridor is present after removal of an endotracheal tube (extubation).〔 Racemic epinephrine prepared for aerosolization is equivalent to a 1:100 dose of epinephrine.
== Overview ==
The term racemic epinephrine refers to a mixture of 50 % each of the dextro-rotatory and levo-rotatory isomers. The l-isomer () is present in the adrenal glands of animals and humans and is produced commercially by extraction from animal glands or by separation of the d- and l-isomers in the synthetic preparation. It is the epinephrine listed in the US Pharmacopoeia. The important difference in these isomers is in their physiological properties. The d-isomer () has about one fifteenth the pressor effect of the l-isomer, but has a more sustained action. Together the two isomers give a more prolonged result than the l-form—epinephrine USP—alone. The racemic form has also been shown to be more stable under varying conditions of storage. Studies have further demonstrated the racemic form gives better protection as an antihistaminic.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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